This year marks the 75th anniversary of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), a monumental milestone that offers an opportunity to reflect on its remarkable contributions to neurology and human neuroscience. Among the many significant components of NINDS, the Surgical Neurology Branch (SNB) stands out for its pioneering advancements and transformative impact on the treatment of neurological disorders. Established with the vision of integrating surgical techniques with neurological research, the SNB has played an instrumental role in shaping modern neurosurgery and advancing human neuroscience.

The SNB was established to address the growing need for specialized surgical interventions in the treatment of neurological disorders. Over the years, the SNB has become synonymous with innovation, spearheading groundbreaking research and developing novel surgical techniques that have revolutionized patient care. This translational approach, integral to the SNB, has led to significant advancements in the understanding and treatment of a wide range of neurological conditions. Many dedicated SNB clinician-investigators and basic scientists, including Maitland Baldwin, Igor Klatzo, John M. Van Buren, Ayub K. Ommaya, Richard J. Youle, Edward H. Oldfield, and Russell R. Lonser, have made significant advancements in understanding and treating various neuropathological conditions, including brain tumors, epilepsy, spinal cord injuries, and movement disorders. Their work has provided fundamental insights for delineating differences between cytotoxic and vasogenic edema, advancing treatments for Cushing disease, studying the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor, developing new methods for central nervous system drug delivery, and understanding the underlying pathophysiology and biology of familial tumor syndromes and malignant gliomas.

By fostering an innovative environment that bridges the gap between laboratory research and clinical practice, the SNB has been at the forefront of medical breakthroughs that have improved the lives of countless patients. This commitment to patient-centered care is central to the SNB’s mission. It is reflected in its focus on conducting cutting-edge research and clinical trials aimed at developing new treatments for neurological disorders, as well as translating basic scientific discoveries to the bedside. The branch is dedicated to providing compassionate, individualized treatment plans that address the unique needs of each patient evaluated and treated at the NIH Clinical Center, the world’s largest hospital dedicated solely to clinical research. This approach involves close collaboration between neurosurgeons, neurologists, radiologists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure that patients receive comprehensive, multidisciplinary care. The SNB also places a strong emphasis on patient education and empowerment. By providing patients and their families with detailed information about their condition and treatment options, the SNB helps them make informed decisions about their care. This patient-centered approach not only improves clinical outcomes but also enhances the overall patient experience.

An equally critical component of the SNB’s mission is to train and mentor the next generation of neurosurgeons. Over its history, dozens of former fellows and staff have gone on to become leaders of academic neurosurgery and chairs of neurosurgical departments. In 2010, the SNB further solidified its commitment to education by developing a residency-training program in neurological surgery. This program is designed to provide comprehensive training that encompasses clinical excellence, research acumen, and innovative thinking. By integrating rigorous clinical training with robust research opportunities, the SNB residency program aims to produce neurosurgeons who are well-equipped to tackle the complexities of neurological disorders and contribute to the advancement of neurosurgery. The SNB’s commitment to education also extends beyond its training program, with faculty members regularly participating in national and international conferences, workshops, and symposia. These efforts ensure that the latest advancements in neurosurgery are disseminated widely, fostering a global community of practitioners who are equipped with the knowledge and skills to provide the highest standard of care.

As NINDS celebrates its 75th anniversary, the SNB remains committed to advancing the fields of neurosurgery and human neuroscience through innovative research, education, and patient care. The future holds exciting possibilities, with ongoing research into new surgical techniques, neurotechnologies, and therapeutic approaches that have the potential to further transform the treatment of neurological disorders. The SNB’s legacy of excellence and innovation serves as a testament to the vision and dedication of its founders as well as the many talented individuals who have contributed to its success over the years. As we look ahead to the next 75 years, the SNB will continue to play a central role in shaping modern neurosurgery and advancing human neuroscience, paving the way for discoveries and treatments that will improve the lives of patients around the world.

Kareem A. Zaghloul, MD, PhD
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Md.